The Vikings were a culture of warriors, poets and traders who flourished across Europe during the 8th to the 11 century AD. Among their many treasures and symbols was the Viking ring, made from bronze, gold or silver. As they had no written language and relied on oral tradition, jewellery was a prominent way to signify their many bonds like love and marriage as well as military alliances and family ties. The pieces were often intricate in design with zoomorphic and floral motifs, inscribed with ornate runic inscriptions full of meaning in short form. Some rings featured precious stones depicting astrological symbols or runes of protection for wearing into battle. While most Viking rings have been lost over the centuries due to trade wars or looting of gravesites. But today modern replicas are popular among jewelry collectors for their unique designs, history and symbolism.